{"id":156,"date":"2026-09-22T21:22:49","date_gmt":"2026-09-22T19:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/?page_id=156"},"modified":"2026-10-28T15:49:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T14:49:49","slug":"study","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/study\/","title":{"rendered":"Estudio"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"156\" class=\"elementor elementor-156\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d60d0ac e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d60d0ac\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fabfc49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fabfc49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"title-accent\" style=\"font-size: 52px\">The EnoMatch method:<br><\/span>Sensory model and study design<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad573b8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ad573b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Can everyday taste preferences help predict the sensory profile of the wines a person enjoys? EnoMatch is investigating this question through a questionnaire-based model and a planned blind-tasting study.<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto;\"><table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;\"><colgroup> <col style=\"width: 50%;\" \/> <col style=\"width: 50%;\" \/> <\/colgroup><thead><tr class=\"header\"><th style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\">AT A GLANCE<\/th><th style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\">\u00a0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr class=\"odd\"><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\"><strong>Current phase<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\">Preliminary questionnaire research; blind-tasting validation is planned.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"even\"><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\"><strong>Consumer instrument<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\">The current 20-question Enotype test, with a separate wine-preference question.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"odd\"><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\"><strong>Wine model<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\">Winetype, calculated from five inputs and expressed through four components.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"even\"><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\"><strong>Shared scale<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\">S (Structure)<br \/>B (Balance).<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"odd\"><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\"><strong>Study languages<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd; padding: 0.65em; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: normal;\">English and<br \/>\u00a0Spanish.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/enotype-test\/\"><strong>Take the test<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-946e7a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"946e7a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><!-- ENOMATCH STUDY \u2014 ENGLISH \u2014 Q20r3 \/ five profiles \u2014 Elementor Text Editor > Code --><br \/><!-- Paste everything below into ONE Elementor Text Editor widget, Code tab. --><br \/><!-- Requires the site's existing MathJax configuration for \\(...\\) and \\[...\\]. --><\/p><section lang=\"en\" style=\"max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.7; color: #343434;\"><h2>What we want to investigate<\/h2><p>Our working hypothesis is that a smaller distance between a consumer&#8217;s <strong>Enotype<\/strong> and a wine&#8217;s <strong>Winetype<\/strong> is associated with greater preference for that wine. The EnoMatch study aims to assess whether this relationship offers useful predictive information beyond pre-specified, non-personalized recommendations.<\/p><p>We are not seeking to identify a universally ideal wine or establish a hierarchy of palates. We want to test a specific method, report where it works and where it does not, and distinguish numerical similarity from demonstrated preference. Placing consumers and wines on axes ranging from 0 to 100 does not, by itself, prove that those coordinates predict liking.<\/p><p><strong>Model described:<\/strong> the Q20r3 revision, with two-dimensional Structure\/Balance coordinates and five profile regions. Earlier versions used different questions, classifications or calculations; their historical results must remain identifiable by version.<\/p><h2>The mathematical model<\/h2><p>EnoMatch uses two coordinates for each consumer and each wine: <strong>Structure (S)<\/strong> on the horizontal axis and <strong>Balance (B)<\/strong> on the vertical axis. Both run from 0 to 100. The public notation is <strong>S\/B<\/strong> (for example, <strong>54\/67<\/strong>), where the slash separates two coordinates rather than indicating a fraction.<\/p><h3>Enotype: the consumer&#8217;s preference profile<\/h3><p><strong>Enotype is a two-coordinate estimate of a consumer&#8217;s sensory preferences, derived from questionnaire answers.<\/strong> The current questionnaire contains <strong>20 main questions<\/strong>: 15 contribute to its calculations and five are exploratory. A separate five-choice calibration question, Q21, is answered before the result is shown but does <strong>not<\/strong> influence the Enotype coordinates.<\/p><p>The scored questions produce four internally weighted preference indices, each on a 0\u2013100 scale. They relate to <strong>TN<\/strong> (tannic\/astringent sensations), <strong>AL<\/strong> (alcohol-related sensation), <strong>AC<\/strong> (acidity) and <strong>SW<\/strong> (sweetness). The five exploratory questions are Q1, Q3, Q10, Q11 and Q13; biological sex is recorded by Q1 but is not used as a scoring factor.<\/p><p>The consumer&#8217;s coordinates are calculated as follows:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[S_E=0.30\\,TN_E+0.70\\,AL_E\\]<\/div><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[B_E=30+0.70\\,AC_E-0.30\\,SW_E\\]<\/div><p>The subscript <span translate=\"no\">\\(E\\)<\/span> denotes the consumer. The weights are model assumptions that must be tested, not experimentally established contributions to wine preference. The consumer&#8217;s Balance equation is linear and has no additional squaring or exponentiation step.<\/p><p>For example, when all four preference indices equal 50, the resulting Enotype is <strong>50\/50<\/strong>, classified as <strong>Neutral<\/strong> under the current five-profile system. Internally the coordinates retain their full precision; rounding is used only for display.<\/p><p>Enotype summarizes self-reported preferences. It is not a direct measurement of genes, taste-bud density, or clinical sensory sensitivity; nor does it assess personality, leadership or sociability. A profile estimated from an in-person tasting is a different, exploratory procedure and cannot be assumed equivalent to the online questionnaire without independent calibration.<\/p><h3>Winetype: the wine&#8217;s sensory profile<\/h3><p><strong>Winetype describes a wine using two calculated coordinates, based on sensory ratings and analytical or technical information.<\/strong> It uses five inputs: tannicity, acidity, alcohol content, CO\u2082 pressure and residual sugar. The numerical equations for wine differ partly from those for consumers.<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; margin: 12px 0 20px;\"><table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; min-width: 480px;\"><thead><tr style=\"background: #faf5f6;\"><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">Input<\/th><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">Meaning<\/th><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">Model range \/ treatment<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">TN<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Perceived tannicity \/ astringency<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">0\u2013100 sensory rating<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">AC<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Perceived acidity<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">0\u2013100 sensory rating<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">g<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Alcohol content<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Normalized to 8.5\u201315.5% vol.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">c<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">CO\u2082 pressure<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Normalized to 0\u20136 bar<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">s<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Residual sugar concentration<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Normalized to 0\u2013200 g\/L<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>The tannicity and acidity inputs are sensory judgments, not automatic conversions from tannin concentration, pH or titratable acidity. Their reference scales, assessor training and reproducibility need to be specified and evaluated. The boundaries above are computational normalization limits, not claims that all wines fall in those analytical ranges. Missing input data must not be silently replaced with zero.<\/p><h3>Normalizing alcohol, pressure and sugar<\/h3><p>For the calculation, the three measured inputs are constrained to predefined ranges:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[g_c=\\min(15.5,\\max(8.5,g))\\]<\/div><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[c_c=\\min(6,\\max(0,c)),\\qquad s_c=\\min(200,\\max(0,s))\\]<\/div><p>The <strong>alcohol-related index<\/strong> incorporates a model-defined CO\u2082 correction:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[AL_W=100\\left(\\frac{g_c-8.5}{7}\\right)\\left(1-\\frac{c_c}{60}\\right)\\]<\/div><p>For a wine with no CO\u2082 pressure in the calculation, 8.5% and 15.5% vol. correspond to index values of 0 and 100. At 6 bar the pressure factor is 0.9: it reduces the alcohol-related component by 10% relative to the same alcohol content at 0 bar, <em>not<\/em> the whole Winetype. This adjustment is a model assumption, not an established physiological law.<\/p><p>The <strong>sugar-related index<\/strong> follows a logarithmic transformation:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[SW_W=100\\,\\frac{\\ln\\left(1+s_c\/2.5\\right)}{\\ln(81)}\\]<\/div><p>Under this model, 0 g\/L maps to 0, 20 g\/L to 50, and 200 g\/L to 100. Sugar concentration is not identical to perceived sweetness, which also depends on acidity and other factors.<\/p><h3>Calculating the wine&#8217;s two coordinates<\/h3><p>Winetype Structure combines the wine&#8217;s sensory tannicity and alcohol-related index:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[S_W=0.30\\,TN_W+0.70\\,AL_W\\]<\/div><p>Winetype Balance first calculates an intermediate value:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[B_{0,W}=\\frac{\\left(30+0.70\\,AC_W-0.30\\,SW_W\\right)^2}{100}\\]<\/div><p>That intermediate value is transformed using the fixed exponent <span translate=\"no\">\\(\\gamma=0.7\\)<\/span>:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[B_W=50+50\\,\\operatorname{sgn}(B_{0,W}-50)\\left(\\frac{\\lvert B_{0,W}-50\\rvert}{50}\\right)^{0.7}\\]<\/div><p>Here <span translate=\"no\">\\(\\operatorname{sgn}\\)<\/span> is the sign function. The transformation preserves the 0, 50 and 100 reference points. This is <strong>not the same Balance transformation used by Enotype<\/strong>; consequently, equal consumer and wine input indices do not necessarily produce equal Balance coordinates. That asymmetry is explicitly part of the current model and needs empirical testing.<\/p><h2>The five EnoMatch profiles<\/h2><p>Enotype and Winetype are placed on the same S\/B map, with <strong>Structure (S)<\/strong> increasing left to right and <strong>Balance (B)<\/strong> becoming more tart \/ acidic from bottom to top. The horizontal and vertical axes both run from 0 to 100. A lower Balance value is described as more mellow; it does not necessarily mean analytically sweet wine.<\/p><p>The central <strong>Neutral<\/strong> region is a square spanning <strong>35\u201365 on both axes, inclusive<\/strong>. It takes priority over the four outer regions. Classification is based on unrounded coordinates, not the rounded S\/B label displayed to the public.<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; margin: 12px 0 20px;\"><table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; min-width: 510px;\"><thead><tr style=\"background: #faf5f6;\"><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">Profile<\/th><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">Position on S\/B map<\/th><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">General interpretation<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\"><strong>Light<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Outside Neutral; S \u2264 50, B &gt; 50<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Lighter structure, more acidic balance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\"><strong>Bold<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Outside Neutral; S &gt; 50, B &gt; 50<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Greater structure, more acidic balance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\"><strong>Smooth<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Outside Neutral; S \u2264 50, B \u2264 50<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Lighter structure, mellower balance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\"><strong>Rich<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Outside Neutral; S &gt; 50, B \u2264 50<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Greater structure, mellower balance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\"><strong style=\"color: #cb0028;\">Neutral<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">35 \u2264 S \u2264 65 <strong>and<\/strong> 35 \u2264 B \u2264 65<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Intermediate structure and balance; classified first<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>For example, <strong>50\/50 is Neutral<\/strong>, not Smooth. Points exactly on S = 35 or 65 and B = 35 or 65 are inside Neutral when both coordinates satisfy the central rule. Profiles are interpretative labels, not discrete biological types, measures of wine quality or guarantees of enjoyment. The earlier designation <em>Round<\/em> was replaced by <em>Rich<\/em> in this model revision; historical records retain their original version and labels.<\/p><h2>Affinity: comparing Enotype and Winetype<\/h2><p>The EnoMatch <strong>Affinity<\/strong> index is based on the weighted distance between the two-dimensional consumer and wine profiles:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[d=\\sqrt{0.60\\,(S_E-S_W)^2+0.40\\,(B_E-B_W)^2}\\]<\/div><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[\\mathrm{Affinity}\\,(\\%)=100-d\\]<\/div><p>All calculations use unrounded coordinates. The 60\/40 weights apply to the <em>squared coordinate differences<\/em> inside the distance formula. A perfect numerical match gives 100; across the defined 0\u2013100 axes, the maximum possible distance is 100.<\/p><p><strong>Worked example \u2014 not a study result.<\/strong> Imagine a consumer with Enotype 54\/67 and a hypothetical wine with Winetype 60\/70:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[d=\\sqrt{0.60\\,(54-60)^2+0.40\\,(67-70)^2}=\\sqrt{25.2}\\approx5.02\\]<\/div><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[\\mathrm{Affinity}\\approx100-5.02=94.98\\%\\]<\/div><p>This example explains the geometry only; it does not show that the consumer would like that wine. <strong>Affinity is a similarity measure, not a calibrated probability of liking.<\/strong><\/p><h3>Q21: an independent calibration question<\/h3><p>Before receiving the test result, participants select one of five broad wine-style descriptions. The answer is stored independently: it <strong>does not affect<\/strong> the Enotype coordinates or profile classification. Each answer corresponds to an abstract reference point on the map:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; margin: 12px 0 20px;\"><table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; min-width: 490px;\"><thead><tr style=\"background: #faf5f6;\"><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">Choice<\/th><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">Preferred style described<\/th><th style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: 2px solid #CB0028; text-align: left;\" scope=\"col\">Reference (S,B)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">A<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Powerful, relatively acidic<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">(75, 75)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">B<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Light, relatively acidic<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">(25, 75)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">C<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Light, relatively sweet<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">(25, 25)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">D<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Powerful, relatively sweet<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">(75, 25)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">E<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">Intermediate body, acidity and sweetness<\/td><td style=\"padding: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;\">(50, 50)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>Each reference point is a geometric convention, not a measured wine. We calculate the distance between the consumer&#8217;s Enotype and the selected point using the same 60\/40 distance formula. This produces <strong>Affinity_Q21<\/strong>, which is an exploratory measure of agreement with a stated style, not evidence of real-wine preference.<\/p><h3><span style=\"font-size: 2rem; letter-spacing: -1.5px;\">How the study is designed<\/span><\/h3><h3>1. Online phase: preferences and calibration<\/h3><p>Participants answer 20 questions, provide the demographic and participation information specified in the consent materials, and then select one of the five Q21 wine-style descriptions <em>before<\/em> seeing their Enotype. Q21 can be compared with their calculated position but does not feed into it.<\/p><p>We plan to examine results across consumer groups, including wine professionals and other consumers. The study will keep track of questionnaire version, language, missing data, and the wording of Q21. Spanish and English versions use corresponding question identifiers and scoring rules; numerical equivalence does not automatically prove equivalent comprehension across languages or cultural settings.<\/p><h3>2. In-person tasting: observed wine preferences<\/h3><p>The tasting component tests whether Enotype-derived recommendations correspond to what people actually like when wines are served without brand or price cues. Each wine&#8217;s Winetype must be determined in advance using a documented characterization protocol, not adjusted after observing the participants&#8217; preferences.<\/p><p>Our proposed controls include coded samples, a balanced or randomized serving order, consistent temperature and serving conditions, individual liking ratings before discussion, and documentation of prior exposure to a participant&#8217;s Enotype. Expectations can influence perceived pleasantness, which is one reason to conceal commercial information during tasting <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0706929105\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[6]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Preliminary in-person observations may help refine the protocol. Such development data are <strong>not<\/strong> equivalent to an independent confirmatory validation. In particular, a physical profile constructed by averaging wines&#8217; coordinates weighted by the participant&#8217;s own liking ratings must not be treated as a separately measured true Enotype. Evaluating it against those same ratings can introduce circularity.<\/p><h3>3. Pre-specified analysis and transparent reporting<\/h3><p>The report should document recruitment, sample size, wine selection, Winetype characterization, survey and tasting procedures, exclusions, statistical methods and uncertainty. It should include negative as well as positive findings and distinguish exploratory from confirmatory analyses.<\/p><p>Data used to revise questions, weights, profile boundaries or formulas are <strong>development data<\/strong>. An updated model should be frozen and assessed on independent participants. Selecting and evaluating a model on the same observations can overstate its performance <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jmlr.org\/papers\/v11\/cawley10a.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[7]<\/a>.<\/p><p>We intend to register the confirmatory study protocol before the relevant new data are collected. This page is not a completed preregistration; a reference to the public registration will be added when one exists <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cos.io\/initiatives\/prereg\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[8]<\/a>.<\/p><h2>How we will evaluate performance<\/h2><p>The evaluation must distinguish <strong>agreement with a declared style (Q21)<\/strong> from <strong>predictive performance for actual wines tasted<\/strong>. The main comparison concerns the wines offered in the study, not every bottle on the market.<\/p><h3>Mean weighted S\/B distance to the favorite wine<\/h3><p>For participant <span translate=\"no\">\\(i\\)<\/span>, let <span translate=\"no\">\\(f(i)\\)<\/span> denote the wine identified as their favorite in the blind tasting. Its measured Winetype has coordinates <span translate=\"no\">\\((S_{W,f(i)},B_{W,f(i)})\\)<\/span>. A proposed distance-based outcome is:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[\\overline d_{\\mathrm{favorite}}=\\frac{1}{n}\\sum_{i=1}^{n}\\sqrt{0.60\\,(S_{E,i}-S_{W,f(i)})^2+0.40\\,(B_{E,i}-B_{W,f(i)})^2}\\]<\/div><p>Lower distance means that the Enotype coordinates are closer, on average, to the Winetype of the participant&#8217;s selected favorite. It is a <strong>mean weighted distance<\/strong>, not the old one-dimensional mean absolute error (MAE). The mean Affinity to the favorite is <span translate=\"no\">\\(100-\\overline d_{\\mathrm{favorite}}\\)<\/span>, a restatement of this outcome rather than independent evidence.<\/p><p>A constant 50\/50 Enotype provides one simple baseline, but the study must also compare other pre-specified, non-personalized recommendations. A good numerical distance alone cannot demonstrate that the questionnaire is personalized or causally predicts liking.<\/p><h3>Top-choice accuracy<\/h3><p>A complementary outcome asks whether the wine recommended by the highest Affinity is the participant&#8217;s favorite among the tested wines:<\/p><div style=\"max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; text-align: center; margin: 12px 0 18px;\" translate=\"no\" data-no-dynamic-translation=\"\" data-no-translation=\"\">\\[\\mathrm{Top\\!\\text{-}\\!choice\\ accuracy}\\,(\\%)=100\\,\\frac{k}{n}\\]<\/div><p>Here <span translate=\"no\">\\(k\\)<\/span> counts participants for whom the model&#8217;s highest-ranked wine matches their stated favorite, and <span translate=\"no\">\\(n\\)<\/span> is the number of valid participants. Tie rules and treatment of incomplete ratings must be specified in advance. This should be compared with a non-personalized recommendation rule applied to the <em>same<\/em> wines.<\/p><h3>Liking ratings and ranking quality<\/h3><p>We will also consider the liking score assigned to the recommended wine, whether it is among a participant&#8217;s top-ranked wines, and the relationship between Affinity and their ratings <em>across wines<\/em>. A wine that is not the first choice may still be well liked. These analyses should account for repeated observations from the same participant.<\/p><h3>Uncertainty and external validity<\/h3><p>Findings will be presented with sample sizes and appropriate uncertainty estimates. A small pilot or one set of four wines cannot establish generalization to all consumers, wine regions, styles or occasions. Any performance statement will be limited to the samples, wine characterization and version actually tested.<\/p><h2>What the model does not capture<\/h2><p>Wine is a multisensory experience involving smell, taste, mouthfeel, expectations and context <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13411-014-0030-9\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[3]<\/a>. Two S\/B coordinates inevitably simplify this complexity.<\/p><p><strong>Structure<\/strong> is an index derived from tannic and alcohol-related components, not a complete physical measurement of body. <strong>Balance<\/strong> models the relationship between acid-related and sweetness-related components, not a direct analytical classification as dry or sweet. Wines with very different aroma, texture or composition may share similar S\/B coordinates.<\/p><p>Four underlying indices (TN, AL, AC and SW) can be visualized separately for research, but the current public Enotype and Winetype are <strong>two-coordinate profiles<\/strong>, not validated four-dimensional sensory maps. The overlapping areas of radar charts do not constitute a validated matching measure, and their geometry can depend on axis order <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43153-022-00247-1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[11]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Differences in perceived acidity or tannicity between tasters, variation in wine measurements and the distinct consumer\/wine Balance transformations may affect observed performance. These are issues to assess experimentally, not reasons to assume the model is already reliable.<\/p><h2>Taking part<\/h2><p>Adults aged 18 or over who already consume wine may participate in the online questionnaire. Both consumers and wine professionals are welcome. No wine tasting products or specialist knowledge are needed to answer the online questions. Participation is voluntary and subject to the participant information and privacy notice.<\/p><h3>What will I receive?<\/h3><p>When the current five-profile questionnaire is available, completing the test shows your Enotype as S\/B, your position on the map, the assigned profile (Light, Bold, Smooth, Rich or Neutral) and a descriptive interpretation. The test is designed to send a copy of the result by email. These descriptions are guides, not diagnoses or guarantees of enjoyment.<\/p><h3>Does completing the questionnaire register me for an in-person tasting?<\/h3><p>No. The online questionnaire and any in-person study session are separate activities. Participation conditions for tasting sessions are communicated separately.<\/p><h3>What information does the form request?<\/h3><p>The form asks for a name, email address, country, year of birth, participant type and answers to the questionnaire. Wine professionals provide relevant professional details. Biological sex is an <strong>exploratory, non-scored<\/strong> question, and the current questionnaire also includes other non-scored preference questions. Please review the participant information and privacy notice before submitting your responses.<\/p><h3>Where will the findings be available?<\/h3><p>We intend to publish the research report here, including methodological limitations and any findings that do not support the hypothesis. Receiving a personal Enotype result does not mean the research has been completed or scientifically validated.<\/p><p><a style=\"color: #cb0028; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/enotype-test\/\">Take the Enotype test<\/a><\/p><h2 id=\"em-study-team\">The team behind EnoMatch<\/h2><p>EnoMatch is developed by two co-authors responsible for the project&#8217;s direction and development. The people developing the method also promote the study; this relationship will be disclosed in research reporting.<\/p><p><strong>Jordi Rustarazo<\/strong><br \/>Co-author \u00b7 Sommelier &amp; Economist<\/p><p><strong>Miguel \u00c1ngel Gil<\/strong><br \/>Co-author \u00b7 Engineer &amp; MBA<\/p><p>For questions about the project or participation: <a style=\"color: #cb0028;\" href=\"mailto:info@enomatch.com\">info@enomatch.com<\/a>.<\/p><h2>Project status and future findings<\/h2><p>The method is in development and evaluation. The Q20r3 model adds a central Neutral profile and replaces the earlier Round label with Rich, while keeping its two-axis numeric equations. Its five-choice calibration question changes the theoretical Q21 baseline, but <strong>does not itself demonstrate better predictive performance<\/strong>.<\/p><p>No completed independent validation report for the current EnoMatch model is presented on this page. Any final report should identify the exact model version, disclose development analyses separately from independent validation, and describe the extent of the evidence. Earlier versions, exploratory tastings and questionnaire data must not be merged without accounting for changes in scoring and classification.<\/p><h2>Scientific background and references<\/h2><p>Sensory research shows that perceived intensity and liking are distinct and that wine preference is affected by individual oral responsiveness, saliva, mouthfeel and expectations <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.08.003\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[1]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods9081131\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.05.015\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[4]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41538-023-00222-1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[5]<\/a>. These publications motivate the research question; <strong>they do not validate EnoMatch<\/strong> or imply that their authors endorse or participate in the project.<\/p><h3>Origins and scope<\/h3><p>The project&#8217;s initial thinking drew on research by Borchgrevink and Sherwin concerning wine preferences and\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">the work of Tim Hanni<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">. EnoMatch uses its own adapted questionnaire, two-dimensional wine and consumer indices, profile classification and matching rule. It does not claim equivalence to other similar classifications or psychological personality types.<\/span><\/p><h3>Sensory science and wine preference<\/h3><p><strong>[1] Hayes, J. E., &amp; Keast, R. S. J. (2011).<\/strong> Two decades of supertasting: where do we stand? <em>Physiology &amp; Behavior, 104<\/em>(5), 1072\u20131074. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.08.003\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doi:10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.08.003<\/a>. Individual sensory differences and limits on inferring preferences from responsiveness.<\/p><p><strong>[2] Cravero, M. C., et al. (2020).<\/strong> Profiling Individual Differences in Alcoholic Beverage Preference and Consumption: New Insights from a Large-Scale Study. <em>Foods, 9<\/em>(8), 1131. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods9081131\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doi:10.3390\/foods9081131<\/a>. Beverage preferences and measured oral responsiveness in an Italian sample.<\/p><p><strong>[3] Shepherd, G. M. (2015).<\/strong> Neuroenology: how the brain creates the taste of wine. <em>Flavour, 4<\/em>, 19. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13411-014-0030-9\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doi:10.1186\/s13411-014-0030-9<\/a>. Multisensory aspects of wine experience.<\/p><p><strong>[4] Niimi, J., Danner, L., Li, L., Bossan, H., &amp; Bastian, S. E. P. (2017).<\/strong> Wine consumers&#8217; subjective responses to wine mouthfeel and understanding of wine body. <em>Food Research International, 99<\/em>, 115\u2013122. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.05.015\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doi:10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.05.015<\/a>. The impact of mouthfeel manipulations on consumer responses.<\/p><p><strong>[5] Luo, J., et al. (2023).<\/strong> Variation of wine preference amongst consumers is influenced by the composition of salivary proteins. <em>npj Science of Food, 7<\/em>, 51. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41538-023-00222-1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doi:10.1038\/s41538-023-00222-1<\/a>. Exploratory research on saliva and preference.<\/p><p><strong>[6] Plassmann, H., O&#8217;Doherty, J., Shiv, B., &amp; Rangel, A. (2008).<\/strong> Marketing actions can modulate neural representations of experienced pleasantness. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105<\/em>(3), 1050\u20131054. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0706929105\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doi:10.1073\/pnas.0706929105<\/a>. The relevance of expectations to tasting conditions.<\/p><h3>Research methods<\/h3><p><strong>[7] Cawley, G. C., &amp; Talbot, N. L. C. (2010).<\/strong> On Over-fitting in Model Selection and Subsequent Selection Bias in Performance Evaluation. <em>Journal of Machine Learning Research, 11<\/em>, 2079\u20132107. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jmlr.org\/papers\/v11\/cawley10a.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read the paper<\/a>.<\/p><p><strong>[8] Center for Open Science.<\/strong> <em>Preregistration.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cos.io\/initiatives\/prereg\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Methodological resource<\/a>. A resource for prospective study registration, not an EnoMatch registration record.<\/p><p><strong>[11] Heijungs, R. (2022).<\/strong> Two arguments against the use of radar plots for constructing composite indicators. <em>Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 39<\/em>, 885\u2013886. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43153-022-00247-1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doi:10.1007\/s43153-022-00247-1<\/a>. Cautions about radar-chart area-based composites.<\/p><h3>Background to personalized wine recommendation<\/h3><p><strong>[9] Hanni, T. (2013).<\/strong> <em>Why You Like the Wines You Like: Changing the Way the World Thinks about Wine.<\/em> HanniCo. <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=rQkXmQEACAAJ\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Book information<\/a>. A conceptual antecedent, not validation of EnoMatch.<\/p><p><strong>[10] Borchgrevink, C. P., &amp; Sherwin, A. L. (2017).<\/strong> Predicting wine preference: testing the premises of the vinotype theory. <em>International Journal of Wine Business Research, 29<\/em>(3), 251\u2013268. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/IJWBR-08-2016-0027\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doi:10.1108\/IJWBR-08-2016-0027<\/a>. Research concerning food and beverage preferences as predictors of wine preference.<\/p><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dde22f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8dde22f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d6d43a elementor-align-justify elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6d6d43a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/enotype-test\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-microscope\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M160 320h12v16c0 8.84 7.16 16 16 16h40c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16h12c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32V16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16h-64c-8.84 0-16 7.16-16 16v16c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v224c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32zm304 128h-1.29C493.24 413.99 512 369.2 512 320c0-105.88-86.12-192-192-192v64c70.58 0 128 57.42 128 128s-57.42 128-128 128H48c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48 0 8.84 7.16 16 16 16h480c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16 0-26.51-21.49-48-48-48zm-360-32h208c4.42 0 8-3.58 8-8v-16c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8H104c-4.42 0-8 3.58-8 8v16c0 4.42 3.58 8 8 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Take the Test<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The EnoMatch method:Sensory model and study design Can everyday taste preferences help predict the sensory profile of the wines a person enjoys? EnoMatch is investigating this question through a questionnaire-based model and a planned blind-tasting study. AT A GLANCE \u00a0 Current phase Preliminary questionnaire research; blind-tasting validation is planned. Consumer instrument The current 20-question Enotype [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-156","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/156","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=156"}],"version-history":[{"count":215,"href":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/156\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":612,"href":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/156\/revisions\/612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enomatch.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=156"}],"curies":[{"name":"bien jugado","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}